Cervical cancer is one of the most common types of cancer diagnosed in women in developed nations. Routine cervical screening can lower the risk of cervical cancer and its associated morbidity and mortality. Early diagnosis through screening provides the optimal opportunity for cancer prevention and treatment. Despite the widespread promotion of the benefits of cervical screening, there remain several barriers that prevent women from attending for screening. This article identifies the demographic, socioeconomic, emotional and practical barriers that can hinder the uptake of cervical screening. By drawing on health promotion theory, specifically the application of Beattie’s model of health promotion, it details various strategies that general practice nurses can use to promote cervical screening uptake.