Christopher Nicholson

Brain natriuretic peptide

Brain natriuretic peptide: what the nurse needs to know

Rationale and key points Brain natriuretic peptide is a chemical secreted when the heart is under strain. It is sampled by a blood test. This article informs nurses about how brain natriuretic peptide can be used as a diagnostic and prognostic marker for patients with cardiac conditions. » A brain natriuretic peptide level within the normal range in a patient who is not receiving treatment, almost certainly rules out a significant cardiac condition. » An elevated brain natriuretic peptide level suggests an active cardiac condition and further investigations are indicated, usually an electrocardiogram and echocardiogram. » A highly elevated brain natriuretic peptide level is a marker for a more severe prognosis.

evidence-based practice for nurses and healthcare

Book Review: Evidence-Based Practice for Nurses and Healthcare Professionals (Third...

This book provides a complete primer on the subject of evidence based practice in healthcare

How to check the arterial pulse

Rationale and key points This article aims to help healthcare professionals to check the arterial pulse. It focuses on the radial pulse, and also briefly considers the brachial and carotid pulses. The arterial pulse provides information about the patient’s condition and is therefore a vital sign. Checking the pulse is an essential clinical skill for healthcare professionals. ▶ Palpating the pulse tells us the patient’s heart rate. ▶ It also provides information on the regularity, volume and character of the pulse. Reflective activity Clinical skills articles can help update your practice and ensure it remains evidence based. Apply this article to your practice. Reflect on and write a short account of: 1. Your skill in manual pulse checking. Identify where you may need further supervised practice. For example, are you confident in finding radial, brachial and carotid sites? 2. Your knowledge of the normal characteristics of the pulse. Identify where you may need to extend your knowledge. For example, do you understand the normal range of rate, regularity, character and volume of the pulse? 3. Your knowledge of the abnormal characteristics of the pulse. Identify where you may need to extend your knowledge. For example, do you understand how different cardiac and non-cardiac diseases may affect the pulse? Subscribers can upload their reflective accounts at: rcni.com/portfolio .

Chronic heart failure: pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment

Heart failure has significant prevalence in older people: the mean average age of patients with the condition is 77. It has serious prognostic and quality of life implications for patients, as well as health service costs. Diagnosis requires confirmatory investigations and consideration of causative processes. First-line treatment involves education, lifestyle modification, symptom-controlling and disease-modifying medication. Further treatment may include additional medications, cardiac devices and surgery. End of life planning is part of the care pathway.

Advanced cardiac examination: the arterial pulse

The pulse is a significant indicator of health and can provide valuable information to help make an accurate diagnosis. All nurses should be competent in taking and interpreting the pulse, and developing their expertise in this vital sign. Arterial pulses can be examined at various sites, and this article focuses on techniques for palpating radial, brachial and carotid pulses.

Alcoholic dilated cardiomyopathy

This article provides an overview of alcoholic dilated cardiomyopathy. It aims to increase awareness of the condition among nurses, and help in early diagnosis and appropriate treatment referrals. The key message is that all patients with alcoholic dilated cardiomyopathy should be advised and assisted to stop drinking alcohol.