Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways associated with a high level of morbidity. In the UK, much of the responsibility for asthma management rests in primary care. Diagnosing asthma requires careful clinical history taking and support for the diagnosis, using spirometry and measures of peak expiratory flow rates. A stepwise approach should be used in the treatment of asthma. The main strategy for reducing the burden of asthma is a shift in emphasis from acute management to long-term care and supported self-management. Structured asthma reviews should be undertaken by competent professionals, using a patient-centred approach that enables self-management and addresses symptom control, inhaler technique and adherence.